Typography is the art and skill of arranging type in a way that improves legibility, readability, and visual appeal of written text. To properly portray the intended message, it entails choosing the right typefaces, font sizes, line spacing, and letter spacing.

Visual Hierarchy: To arrange and rank elements in a design, graphic artists employ visual hierarchy. This entails adjusting components like placement, size, color, contrast, and flow to direct the viewer's attention and provide an understandable information flow.

Color Theory: In graphic design, color is essential for eliciting feelings, expressing ideas, and creating a sense of identity. Color theory concepts are used by designers to choose harmonies in color schemes, establish contrast, and elicit certain reactions from viewers.

Layout and Composition: These terms describe how visual components are arranged inside a design. Designers construct visually beautiful and useful layouts that successfully communicate the desired message by taking into account elements like balance, symmetry, proportion, and whitespace.

Imagery and Iconography: In graphic design, images, illustrations, and icons are frequently utilized to enhance text and visually communicate concepts. Designers pick or produce images that complement the message and draw in the viewer.

Brand Identity: A brand's visual language and identity are greatly influenced by graphic design. In order to create a recognizable and consistent brand image, designers create logos, brand colors, typography, and other visual components that represent the character and values of the company.

Print Design: Print design is the process of developing graphic elements for printed media, including packaging, posters, brochures, newspapers, and magazines. Designers make sure the finished printed pieces satisfy the required quality standards by taking into account variables like paper stock, printing procedures, and color accuracy.

Digital Design: As digital media has grown, graphic designers have also been called upon to create designs for social media, mobile apps, websites, and other digital platforms. To produce captivating digital experiences, they take into account components like interactive elements, responsive design, and user experience.

Motion Graphics: To produce dynamic and captivating visuals, motion graphics combines graphic design with animation and video techniques. Using software tools, designers may add motion and interactivity to static designs by animating text, images, and illustrations.